Many Russians blame their country’s moves toward fascism on Vladimir Putin alone, Lev Ponomaryov says. But it is “important in principle” to recognize that those pushing Russia in that direction include a far broader spectrum of people, something that means replacing the current Kremlin leader is only a necessary but not a sufficient step.
The senior Russian human rights campaigner, one of the founders of Memorial in Soviet times, says that “in fact, to a significant degree,” the push for fascism “comes from below, and people in shoulder boards and not only those woke up to the reality that they could do something” without constraint.
Everyone hoped that those at the top would notice this and stop it, but instead, especially under Putin, they have encouraged this process.
The current Kremlin leader will eventually leave, “but what is to be done then with this fascism?” That is a question that Russians must wrestle with, as well as with the fact that the 1991 revolution was never carried through all the way and that most Russian families remain divided between those who have been victims and those who were the victimizers.
And overcoming that will be perhaps the most difficult task of all.
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- Current crisis pushing Russia toward Mussolini-style fascism, Pereslegin says
- Pro-Kremlin media attempts to make fascism politically correct
