The World Bank has estimated Russia's war damage in Ukraine. Over four years of Russia’s full-scale aggression, Ukraine has suffered direct losses totaling $195 billion. The total cost of reconstruction and recovery is estimated at nearly $588 billion.
These findings come from the Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment (RDNA5) prepared by the Ukrainian government in cooperation with the World Bank Group, the European Commission, and the UN.
Most affected sectors: housing, transport, and energy
The housing, transport, and energy sectors have sustained the heaviest losses.
Damage and recovery needs remain concentrated in frontline regions and major cities.
In the energy sector, the number of damaged or destroyed facilities increased by 21%, including generation, transmission, distribution, and centralized heating systems.
Transport and housing: rising needs due to attacks on infrastructure
In the transport sector, needs rose by roughly 24% due to intensified attacks on railways and ports during 2025. As of 31 December 2025, 14% of housing was damaged or destroyed, affecting over 3 million households.
The World Bank supports: jobs, inclusive development, and sustainable recovery
Anna Bjerde, Managing Director of Operations at the World Bank, emphasizes that the World Bank Group is committed to supporting Ukraine’s recovery, helping create jobs, and fostering a sustainable, modern, and competitive economy.
Integrated approaches to local-level sustainable recovery, including a pilot government program for comprehensive reconstruction, will play a key role.
The largest recovery needs are in the transport sector – over $96 billion, energy – nearly $91 billion, housing – almost $90 billion, trade and industry – over $63 billion, and agriculture – over $55 billion. Another $28 billion is required for demining and clearing rubble.
